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Cologne, Germany: the most detailed information about the city of Cologne, the main attractions with photos and descriptions, location on the map.
City of Cologne (Germany)
Cologne is the fourth largest city in Germany, as well as one of the most important religious and tourist centers. Located on the Rhine River in western Germany. Its area is more than 400 square kilometers and its population is one million inhabitants. Cologne is associated primarily with the historical cathedral, which is the residence of the Archbishop of Cologne. The city's territory is crossed by the Rhine River, which divides it into two halves. Each part contains separate urban districts, with a total of 86 districts.
Historical facts
An interesting historical fact is that this wonderful city was bombed 262 times during World War II, which is a kind of anti-record. The longest bombing mission lasted 75 minutes and involved 1,046 bombers. It is hardly surprising that after the war, reconstruction continued almost until the end of the 20th century.
The coat of arms of Cologne features three crowns and eleven flames. The crowns symbolize the three wise men who rest in the cathedral. The flame symbolizes the murders of the eleven thousand virgins of Saint Ursula.
Sights of Cologne
Cologne is associated primarily with its magnificent Gothic Cathedral of St. Peter and the Virgin Mary. Work on the temple began in 632 and continued until 1880. Because of this, the medieval church also has modern elements, such as two giant towers built in the 19th century. The cathedral's interior includes gems of European art, such as the statue of the Madonna of Milan. Cologne also has numerous Romanesque churches, such as the Church of St. Panteleimon, which houses the tomb of Empress Theophane, wife of Otto II.
Of interest to tourists and researchers is the Ancient Cathedral of St. Peter and the Blessed Virgin Mary, which stores valuable relics of the Christian faith, as well as medieval art. The Reliquary of the Three Magi, the Crucifixion of Heron, and the Milanese Madonna will not leave you indifferent. The Queen's ashes also rest here.
There are many attractions in Cologne. There are eight Romanesque churches and five Gothic churches. Among other legendary places in Cologne, it is worth noting secular buildings such as the Gothic-Renaissance Town Hall, built at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. A very interesting object is also the medieval dance house.
Another famous landmark is the Hohenzollern Bridge - this is one of the calling cards of Cologne. Steel arch railway bridge over the Rhine, built in 1911. This is one of the most important railway junctions in Europe, through which more than 1000 trains pass daily!
During your stay in Cologne, you can get acquainted not only with historical architecture, but also visit wonderful museums. There are many art galleries here, displaying contemporary works of art as well as paintings by famous masters of the past. Sweets lovers, in turn, will certainly visit the amazing Chocolate Museum, which presents the long and interesting history of this delicacy.
Cologne is one of the largest industrial cities in Germany. It is here that Ford cars, popular all over the world, are mainly produced, the best engines, railway cars, cosmetics, electronics, and, of course, beer. Cologne has the largest concentration of breweries in one place, producing beer, one of a kind, that is, Kölsch. Let us add that the tradition of brewing in this city dates back to the 9th century. It is undoubtedly worth visiting Germany to visit this city, which, however, is crowded all year round.
The city has plenty of usual entertainment, such as a walk in the garden, zoo or near a huge aquarium. Specific local traditions include the annual organization of a carnival, as well as summer fireworks on the banks of the Rhine. The carnival is an annual tradition. Don't miss out on activities for the little ones: a zoo or an aquarium. This city is home to the largest indoor stadium in Germany, where major sporting events take place. It is worth remembering that one of the attractions of Cologne is the possibility of organizing a trip by train over the Rhine.
Excursions
When it comes to excursions in Cologne, they are organized by travel agencies. Most often, this city is one of the points of large mobile excursions. You can contact any excursion or tourist office in the city to organize excursions to the sights of Cologne.
How to get there
The city can be reached by car or bus, or by air. Airline lines offer low-cost flights. You can spend the night in one of the many hotels or hostels. Prices for a night's stay at the hotel start from several tens of dollars. In the city you can rent a car for ease of movement. Welcome to Cologne!
Guide to Cologne
A small guide to Cologne - the most interesting sights on the map
A short video about Cologne
Cologne is one of the largest cities in Germany. It was built on the Rhine River between Amsterdam and Frankfurt. The city with a well-developed economy and culture is annually visited by streams of tourists from different countries. Even those who know little about the city have definitely heard about the world famous Cologne beer. The majestic temples of the city amaze with their beauty and diversity, and the University of Cologne is considered one of the best higher education institutions in Germany. The city quite often hosts holidays, festivals and events. People here are cheerful and cheerful. The city attracts tourists with its openness and ancient history. There are many interesting places here. We'll tell you about the most interesting sights of Cologne.
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At first glance, the temple impresses tourists with its size. This is a huge building in the Gothic style. Up close, the cathedral appears even larger. It is so big that it is even difficult to photograph it. The two towers of the majestic cathedral soar high into the sky. The height of each of them is 157 meters. If you climb to the very top of the tower, you can see most of Cologne. All the splendor of the city will appear before your eyes, clearly in the palm of your hand.
Cologne Cathedral is an inimitable example of architecture. This is not just a temple, it is one of the largest German museums. Its interior decoration is as luxurious as its exterior. Here you can see ancient and very valuable paintings and sculptures. Beautiful stained glass windows, huge mosaics, ancient frescoes - all this can be looked at endlessly. Columns decorated with sculptures rise to the chiseled vaults. The cathedral has its own treasury. You can visit it for a fee. For about 4 euros you can climb to the top of the temple. Child for 2 euros, the whole family for 8 euros.
The building is located on Cathedral Square. It is always full of people until the very late hours. The temple is the main meeting place. All roads in the city will lead you to this structure. It is simply impossible not to see him. The spiers of the cathedral towers rise above the city. They are perfectly visible from afar. The temple opens its doors from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. from May to October. From November to April you can visit the cathedral from 6 to 19.30 hours. The entrance is free.
Perfume Museum
The Perfume Museum is also called the “Farina House”, in honor of the founder of the factory, Johann Maria Farina. The perfume production corporation, by the way, was the very first in the world. And the museum is now located in his house. It all started with the fact that Farina managed to create one with an unusual smell from various floral scents. He named it “Cologne water”. And, after some time, the product has already gained great popularity.
However, not in Germany, but in France. Enterprising French began to produce “Cologne water” in their country in the form of cologne. Nowadays, the Farina House houses a perfume factory and museum. Here you can see equipment for the production of perfumes, pictures and photos, and even a description of the process itself. The museum has a large collection of vessels for storing cologne.
Excursions to the Perfume Museums are conducted with a guide dressed in outfits from the times when the factory was created and operated. Here you can trace the entire history of perfume production over many years. Here you can evaluate the quality of perfumes and experience the aromas of cologne. The smell is like a mixture of citrus and bergamot. No wonder Farina wrote that his perfume is a spring morning in Italy after rain, filled with the aromas of lemons, grapefruits and his favorite herbs.
You can buy souvenirs in the form of perfume and cologne. The price depends on the size of the container from 3 to 50 euros. You can get to the Perfume Museum by metro to Neumarkt station or by bus number 132.
Ludwig Museum
The Ludwig Museum focuses on modernity. His collections feature avant-garde paintings. The gallery is large in size. It creates good competition for other modern museums at the world level. This establishment is worth visiting for those who are open to new information. The gallery is a modern building of 4 floors.
It is made in a rather bizarre form. The museum is located next to the Cologne Cathedral. Here you can see such trends in the work of artists as avant-garde, pop art, expressionism, surrealism. Most of the museum's collection is occupied by the huge collection of the Ludwigs. In 1976, the couple donated about 350 works to the gallery. The new museum building was also erected on their initiative.
The gallery has very good and responsive employees. They not only allow you to take pictures, but also offer to do it themselves. By the way, from the windows of the museum you can very well see part of the Cologne Cathedral. The Museum of Modern Art is very unique.
Each master sees the main idea of the work in his own way. To get the essence, it is advisable to use the services of an audio guide. The ticket price for an adult is about 15 euros. An audio guide will cost 10 euros. The museum is open from 10 am to 6 pm from Tuesday to Sunday. Monday is a day off. You can get there by trams No. 5, 16, 18 to the “Kolner Hauptbahnhof” stop.
Chocolate Museum
The sweetest museum has been operating for more than 20 years. It is located near the famous chocolate factory. The structure of the museum confuses tourists. It has absolutely nothing to do with chocolate. The building is made in the shape of a huge ship. The museum is located on a small island. And its floor is made of glass and brick walls. And not from cookies and sweets, as children dream of. Inside you can see large round staircases with glass galleries.
During the excursion you will be introduced to the production technology of your favorite delicacy. The production process has long been automated. All the work is done by huge machines. They are packed by hand only in boxes and foil. In the museum you can see a collection of metal boxes and plates with the names of various chocolate companies. Dishes, paintings, antique street machines and much more related to the theme of chocolate are part of the gallery's exhibitions.
The children's favorite place in the museum is the chocolate fountain. Employees dip waffles into it and offer them to visitors. The structure is a large, about 3-meter fountain, similar to a tree. Chocolate flows out of it into a small tray. There are a lot of visitors with children here. They even organize special games and quizzes for them. Here you can even set your own recipe, according to which they will immediately prepare a chocolate bar for you. There is a large chocolate shop in the museum.
The assortment is simply huge. It features various chocolate brands. The museum is open from Tuesday to Friday from 10 to 18 hours. On weekends and holidays - from 11 to 19 hours. The ticket price is about 9 euros for an adult and about 7 for a child. A family ticket can be purchased for 25 euros. You can get there by buses No. 106, 132, 133.
Town Hall Square
According to a long-standing tradition, almost every major city in Germany has its own main Town Hall and the square of the same name on which it is located. Cologne is no exception; its Town Hall Square is one of the attractions. It is located in the center of the Old Town. The square is decorated with the ancient Town Hall. The magnificent building survived the war and restoration. Now it is an architectural monument. In the middle of the Town Hall there are halls with sculptures of famous people of Germany. In the basement of the building there is a museum where you can see the life and everyday life of ancient Cologne. The room is located underground at a depth of 10 meters. This gives the exhibition an even more ancient spirit. And the remains of an ancient settlement take visitors back to ancient times.
More and more big celebrations and events take place on Town Hall Square. Balls and receptions are held in the Town Hall building. However, this building is administrative; it is also called the “House of Citizens.” People work here every day for the benefit of the city. The Town Hall building can be visited free of charge from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. There are guided tours around the structure on Wednesdays at 3 p.m. If you get there, you can climb the Town Hall tower. You can get to the square by metro to the Dom/Hauptbahnhof and Heumarkt stations. Or by bus number 132.
Amusement park "Fantasy Land"
The favorite place not only for children, but also for adults is located near Cologne. “Fantasy Land” is not just an amusement park, it is a fairy-tale city. The territory of the complex is divided into several parts, each with its own theme. Here these are the countries: America, Africa, Mexico, China. The park has water attractions for the youngest children. For those who are very wet, there is a dryer that costs 1 euro. Here you will be dried with warm air currents. The area with attractions gives an incredible adrenaline rush. Moreover, you get it from the first glance at the incredibly large swing. A suspended road with a loop and a free fall from a great height attract thrill-seekers to the park.
You can visit the “magic room”, watch Chinese acrobats, meet “live” dolls and your favorite cartoon characters. You can get to the amusement park by train. The journey will take about 15 minutes. From April to November Fantasialand is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. From December to March - from 11 to 18 hours. The cost of a ticket for an adult is approximately 45 euros, for a child - about 29 euros. You can enjoy your vacation to the fullest and save money by purchasing a ticket for two days. Its price for an adult is about 75 euros, for a child – about 41 euros. Tickets for a group hike are much cheaper than regular tickets. If you join a group in line at the ticket office, of course, with the consent of the elder, you can get into the park at a lower price.
St Martin's Church
“Big St. Martin” is what the residents call this temple. Of the 12 churches in the city, built in the Romanesque style, this one is recognized as the most beautiful. Great St. Martin is located next to Cologne Cathedral, on the banks of the Rhine. The church, like most other ancient churches, has survived destruction, reconstruction, changes in appearance and interior decoration. Now the cathedral is a basilica surrounded by 4 towers. The best view of St. Martin's Church is from Fischmarkt. Tourists come here to photograph the cathedral in full against the backdrop of the quiet waters of the Rhine. The altar of the temple was erected in the shape of a clover leaf. The vault of the largest hall of the church is built in the form of a 10-square. The high windows of the church are covered with beautiful stained glass windows with the faces of saints.
Part of an ancient Roman column in Great St. Martin serves as a talisman. They say here that it is a powerful defense of the temple from enemies. You can get to St. Martin's Church by metro to the Rathaus or Heumarkt station. The doors of the temple are open to visitors:
- from 13:00 to 16:00 on Monday
- from 14 to 15 hours on Tuesday
- from 14 to 17 hours on Thursday
- from 9 to 22 o'clock on Friday
- from 11 to 19 o'clock on Saturday.
If you decide to visit a church, do not forget that this is a holy place and the appearance for entering it should be appropriate. Avoid short skirts, shorts and deep necklines.
Church of the Holy Apostles
The Church of the Holy Apostles is the third tallest of Cologne's Romanesque churches. It is located in the Old Town on Neumarkt Square. The church has the appearance of a basilica, consisting of three main naves and two naves on the sides. Two large 67-meter towers rise majestically into the sky. They are located on the east and west sides of the cathedral. Entering the church from the fairly busy Neumarkt Square, you find yourself in a quiet, large and very beautiful church. The interior decoration of the Cathedral of the Holy Apostles has been restored more than once after wars and destruction.
Here you can admire the amazing gray-blue frescoes. They depict Saint John. The frescoes are extremely delicate and beautiful. Luxurious colored stained glass windows decorate the windows of the holy place. The church is decorated with a large lantern made in the shape of a clover. A huge organ, a very beautiful sculpture of the 12 apostles, a stunning font - all this can be seen in the church. You can get to the church by tram numbers 1, 7, 9, 11 and 14 to the “Neumarkt” stop. By bus No. 134 and 146 or metro to the same station. The temple is open to tourists from 10 am to 12 pm and from 3 pm to 5 pm on all days except Tuesday. Free admission. Photography is allowed.
Ethnological Museum
The Rautenstrauch-Jost Ethnological Museum is an unusual and interesting place. It is one of the five largest German ethnological museums. Here visitors are invited to watch thematic exhibitions. The main directions are awareness of the world and its structures. The museums display old photographs, ethnographic artifacts, rare journals and ancient monographs. All this is carefully collected into numerous exhibitions. Museum visitors can learn about life and death, rituals and customs. About the essence of men and women, and man in general. Here they reveal the problems and mistakes of generations that have haunted people for hundreds of years.
A separate exhibition is dedicated to children. Here, more attention is focused on the child, his feelings and problems. The museum also has temporary exhibitions. All of them also reveal the problems of man and society. The museum is quite educational for those who want and love to listen. You can get to the museum by metro to the Neumarkt station. It is open from 10 am to 6 pm. The main influx of people here is from 12 to 15 hours. If you want to spend time in museums quietly and calmly, go to it in the morning.
Fountain "Curious Woman" Heinzelmennchen
Not far from the Cologne Cathedral there is a “monument to female curiosity.” The "Curious Woman" fountain is the most famous in Cologne. This is a cute and funny sculpture, one of a kind. The monument is made in the form of a large fountain. In the center there is a woman with a lantern in her hands, and at a distance there are gnomes lying on the stairs. The fountain was created based on a poem by the German poet by sculptors father and son Renard.
According to legend, a curious woman really wanted to see the Cologne gnomes, who helped the city’s residents at night. And she succeeded, the woman scattered dry peas on the stairs so that the gnomes would slip and fall. And when this happened, the hostess immediately appeared, holding a lantern in her hand. The night workers were offended and were forced to leave the city. The fountain is located in a cozy corner of the city. Around him are wonderful bas-reliefs depicting other heroes of the poem. All this is surrounded by greenery and flower beds.
The monument is always full of tourists. They look for a funny fountain with great interest and take pictures against its background.
Zoo
The zoo is located in the north of the city, near the botanical garden. It is one of the oldest zoos in Germany. The animal park occupies a large area. It's clean and tidy. Animals here live in cages and enclosures. They are looked after and fed. Here you can see dolphins, camels, elephants, baboons, and a large variety of birds. Animals imposingly bask in the sun in good weather, and do not pay attention to visitors. The same cannot be said about the nimble monkeys, who are always happy to have guests. They live in a specially built “Jungle House”.
There are also exotic plants on the territory of the zoo. They are kept indoors to maintain the climate they need. On the territory you can see exhibitions with stuffed ancient animals. And here there are ancient people in mammoth skins and with booty. The zoo's aquarium is amazing. It’s as if you have visited the depths of the sea and seen a bizarre marine world. Colorful fish, shellfish and reptiles are no worse than huge animals.
You can get to the zoo by tram number 18 or bus number 140 to the “Zoo Flora” stop. You can get from Cologne Cathedral on a special Zooexpress bus route. An adult ticket to the zoo costs about 17 euros. For a child you can buy it for 8.5 euros. Children under 4 years old are free. On Mondays the zoo has discounts on tickets. You can purchase a ticket for an adult for 14.5 euros, for a child – for 6.5 euros. True, quite a lot of people know about this promotion, so the queues at the box office on this day double.
Cologne City Hall
The oldest town hall in all of Germany is located in the historical center between the Old Market and the Town Hall Square. It is only 300 meters away from another popular attraction of the city - Cologne Cathedral. The city government building was erected in several stages, and the process stretched over a long period from 1330 to 1573. The skillful combination of Gothic and Baroque gave the building a majestic and picturesque appearance that attracts tourists so much.
Of particular interest to travelers is the carved wooden face known as Platz-Jabbek. It is located on the facade of the building and with each strike of the town hall clock it opens its mouth and shows its tongue.
Another highlight of the town hall is the elegant tower, decorated with figures of famous citizens.
The Cologne City Hall, located at Rathausplatz 2, is open on weekdays from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Augustusburg Palace
Being one of the earliest examples of German Rococo, the Augustusburg Palace was erected at the beginning of the 18th century at the direction of Augustus of Bavaria, Archbishop and Elector of Cologne Clemens. Augustusburg, the former pompous residence of the Cologne prince-archbishops, is located in the garden suburb of Brühl near the city. In the post-war years, the building was used to host official state receptions and other political meetings.
Today it is a popular tourist attraction, known not only for its luxurious architecture, but also for its status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. For tourists in Augustusburg, educational excursions are organized with inspection of ancient exhibits, and in the adjacent parks - masterpieces of landscape design - there are many scenic routes and venues for concerts.
Visitors are welcome here every day, with the exception of the only day off - Monday. The palace complex is open from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. and from 1:30 p.m. to 4 p.m., and on weekends and holidays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
The cost of visiting is 5 euros for children and 8.5 euros for adults. A family visit (parents and children) will cost 19 euros.
The White house
The first mention of this medieval castle dates back to 1378, and the founder is considered to be the monastery of St. Panteleimon. In those days, the castle served as a defensive fortification and summer residence of the Benedictine abbots. Snow-white walls, ancient masonry, many eclectic decorative elements of the building, Gothic turrets and a picturesque man-made pond surrounding Weishaus create a surprisingly harmonious combination, complemented by the beauty of the surrounding nature.
The area of the complex is 743 square meters. The castle is connected to a huge shady park by two colorful arched bridges. Today, the White House, located in the Lindenthal district at 201 Luxemburger Strasse, is privately owned. To get there, travelers can take the metro tram heading towards Bonn. The final stop is Arnulf Strasse.
Roman-Germanic Museum
In the ranking of the most popular and frequently visited attractions, the Roman-Germanic Museum confidently occupies a leading position due to the fact that its archaeological collection includes exhibits from the Paleolithic to the early Middle Ages. The number of museum pieces reaches three million, including the Mosaics of Dionysus, the round tower and the surviving remains of the Roman city wall, the 15-meter tombstone of Publicius and many others.
Part of the museum halls is reserved for displaying a collection of colored and ordinary glass, dishes, household items, Roman jewelry and weapons of various nations. The Roman-Germanic Museum, located at Roncalliplatz 4, is open to the public every day from Tuesday to Sunday from 10 am to 5 pm. Every first Thursday of the month, the museum begins its work at 10 am and ends at 10 pm.
Depending on the chosen viewing program and category of visitors, the entrance ticket costs from 4 to 10 euros.
Wallraf-Richartz Museum
Founded back in 1861, the Wallraf-Richartz Museum is today housed in a modern building built in 2001 near the Town Hall Square. Being one of the largest art galleries in Germany, this museum complex houses a huge collection of paintings painted over seven centuries. The museum collection contains paintings from the Cologne school of painting and unique works of graphics.
Due to the fact that Cologne, to a lesser extent than other medieval cities, experienced the destructive power of fires and other external influences, it was able to preserve an extensive collection of medieval painting and iconography, stored in the Wallraf-Richartz Museum. The true pride of the local collection is “Madonna in the Arbor of Roses” - the pinnacle of the work of the famous Stefan Lochner.
Tourists can explore this iconic landmark at Martinstrasse 39 any day except Monday. Every first and third Thursday of the month the museum is open from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. On other days - from 10 to 18 hours. A ticket for an adult visitor costs 8 euros; a discounted visit costs 4.5 euros per person.
Schnütgen Museum
The amazing history of this museum was one of the reasons for its popularity. Alexander Schnütgen collected medieval church artifacts for several decades at the end of the 19th century, and in 1906 he donated his unique collection to his hometown. The collector's only condition was the creation of a museum accessible to everyone.
The locations of the new museum changed several times, but in 1956 it firmly settled in the Romanesque Basilica of St. Cecilia at Cacilienstrasse, 29-33, which itself is an important architectural landmark of the city. The collection of Schnütgen exhibits includes colorful stained glass windows, ancient tapestries, church utensils made of ivory and precious metals, ceremonial vestments, stone and wooden statues.
You can visit the museum from Tuesday to Sunday from 10 to 20 hours, paying an entrance fee from 3.5 to 6 euros. Visitors under 6 years of age can enter for free.
Ulrepfort
The first mention of the Ulrepfort fortress dates back to 1245, and the approximate period of its foundation, according to scientists, is 1230. Over such a long, eventful life, the fort has transformed from a defensive city fortification into one of the most recognizable landmarks.
According to the most reasonable version, the name of the fortress is translated as “pottery production”. It was this craft that actively developed here until the 19th century. In various eras, a mill, merchant households, and wine cellars were located inside the fortress. Today, Ulrepfort, located in the south of the historical part, can be found between the streets Sachsenring, Ulrichgasse and Kartäuserwall.
House of cologne "4711"
“Cologne,” translated from French, literally means “Cologne water.” Connoisseurs of exquisite fragrances all over the world know about this elite perfume, produced in House 4711. Today, at least 60 countries export the products of this factory. “Cologne water” has been produced in the House of Cologne for several centuries according to a special recipe, the components of which are still kept secret.
There is a store at the factory where you can purchase any Eau De Cologne 4711 from a huge collection of modern fragrances. In addition to perfume, they sell scented cosmetics, shower gels and much more. On the second floor there is a small museum with a collection of thematic exhibits directly related to the history of the creation and development of the brand.
House 4711 is open from Monday to Friday from half past ten in the morning to half past seven in the evening. On Saturdays, the working day is half an hour shorter, and on Sundays there is a day off. A one-hour guided tour costs 7 euros.
Gürzenich
The impressive size and eye-catching Gothic decor of this building have turned it into a center of attraction for numerous tourists. The hall, so spacious for those times, was erected between 1441 and 1452, and its first owners were the Gürzenich nobles. During the era of the Third Reich, socio-political meetings were held here; Hitler and other historical figures propagated their ideas.
During the Second World War, the building was destroyed and the luxurious interiors were lost. Only the massive walls survived. After the war, the building was restored, and today it is a popular exhibition and concert complex, where a unique ancient atmosphere still reigns. Here, at Messeplatz 1, famous artists from different countries give performances, organ concerts and various exhibitions are organized.
Hanentorburg Gate
The Hahnentorburg Gate formed an important part of the ancient defensive city wall. During the Middle Ages, the route to Aachen and Jülich lay through them. They are located in the southern part of the Old Town near Rudolfplatz on Hahnenstraße. According to historians, the gates were erected at the beginning of the 13th century and served as clear evidence of the fortification power of the Cologne fortification.
In later times, a prison was located here, then a Cologne horse-drawn horse-drawn train. At the end of the 19th century, the Hanentorburg Gate was restored, and a historical museum was located within its stone walls. During the Second World War, the gate suffered significant damage, but after restoration it began to be used as an art exhibition hall. And since 1988, the carnival honor guard has been located in the Hanentorburg building.
Gate of Saint Severin
Porta San Severin, part of the medieval city wall, is one of the surviving historical sites. They are located in the south of the Old Town at the intersection of Severinswall, Severinstraße and Kartäuserwall near Chlodwigplatz. In the past, the main route connecting Cologne and Bonn ran through this gate. The construction of the gate dates back to the 13th century. In addition to serving as one of the main entrances to the city, St. Severin's Gate served as a meeting place for honored guests arriving on a visit to Cologne.
After 1881, the natural history museum began to be located at the gate, which was transformed a little later into the hygiene museum. And since 1979, a public center has settled here, where private events of various formats are held. Despite the long historical journey, the gate has retained its appearance almost in its original form and still serves as a reminder to contemporaries of the importance and greatness of the city.
Eigelstein Gate
Located at the intersection of Lübeckerstraße, Eigelstein and Greesbergstraße, the Eigelstein Gate in the past served as the northern entrance and was the most important element of the city’s fortification system. Researchers believe that the gate was built between 1228 and 1248 as the main entrance connecting Cologne with Neuss. In 1804, Napoleon entered the city through them, accompanied by his wife.
By decision of the city authorities, the Eigelstein Gate was preserved after the demolition of the fortress wall, and at the end of the 19th century, the architect Stubben carried out a series of works on its reconstruction, after which a natural history museum was founded here, and even later - a branch of the historical museum, the main headquarters of which was located at the Hahnentorburg gate . The gate was used as a location for exhibitions until 1963, after which the purpose of the facility changed regularly.
Today it is the most important part of the city's historical heritage.
Bayenturm Tower
The two-story octagonal Bayenturm tower with a crenellated frame was built as part of a single fortress wall in 1220. Rising above the Rhine, today it is one of the popular historical attractions of the Old Town. You can find the 35-meter high Bayenturm at the Reinauhafen embankment between Bayenstraße and Agrippinawwerft. Its appearance fully corresponds to the one it had at the time of its construction.
A major reconstruction of the Bayenturm tower was carried out by Stübenn at the end of the 19th century, and then it was restored in 1987 after serious damage during the Second World War, with the drawings of the architect Stübenn used for the reconstruction work.
Church of St. Panteleimon
The Catholic Church of Saints Panteleimon, Cosmas and Damian, built in the Romanesque style, is located on a hill in the southern part of the Old Town. The first mention of it dates back to 866 and is associated with the name of Archbishop Gunther, whose documents spoke of a “church on a hill.” In 955, a monastery was opened on the basis of the existing church, the founder of which was Archbishop Bruno I the Great.
Modern travelers can find this three-nave basilica with one 36-meter and two 42-meter towers within the boundaries of the area outlined by the streets Rothgerberbach, Am Weidenbach, Pantaleonstraße, Waisenhausgasse and Am Pantaleonsberg. The church contains particles of the relics of Nicholas the Wonderworker, Bruno I the Great and the Great Martyr Panteleimon. For parishioners, Sunday and weekday fairs are organized here, conversations with priests and church classes are held, and Eucharistic veneration of St. Panteleimon is held.
Cable car
To enjoy picturesque panoramas, see the Rhine and Cologne Cathedral from a bird's eye view and get an unforgettable excursion experience, tourists should visit the cable car, the station of which is located near the city zoo at Riehler Straße, 180.
At the time of its opening in 1957, this cable car was considered the first and only one in the country, which inevitably attracted the attention of both residents of other German cities and foreign tourists. The Cologne cable car held the status of the only cable car in Germany until 2011, when an aerial tram appeared in Koblenz.
The townspeople are proud of their cable car not only for its historical status, but also for its environmental friendliness. In addition, this type of transport is recognized as the safest. You can ride the cable car every day from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. during the warm season, which is considered to be the season from April to October. For children, the trip will cost 3.20 euros, and for adults – 5.5 euros.
Hohenzollern Bridge
The powerful arch bridge, spanning the Rhine River at a distance of 688.5 kilometers from its source, is a real calling card. Its huge steel structures support the railway and pedestrian and bicycle routes connecting the train stations of Cologne and Cologne-Messe/Deutz. Being the most important railway junction in Europe, this 409-meter bridge carries over 1,200 trains every day.
Its designer and architect is Franz Schwechten, and the grand opening took place in May 1911. Today, the Hohenzollern Bridge is no less popular among travelers than the Cologne Cathedral and the remains of the fortress walls. It is printed on postcards, and souvenirs depicting the bridge are snapped up by tourists in no time.
Botanical Garden "Flora"
The botanical garden was one of the first to be created in Europe. The date of its foundation is considered to be 1864, when Peter Lenne (an architect from Prussia) began landscaping a new park in the northern part of the city. The old park was demolished for the construction of the railway station, and the city needed a picturesque place for walking. The botanical garden itself was founded in 1914. The northern part of the Flora Park was chosen as the location for it.
Today, ferns and flowering shrubs, heather meadows and exotic plants, mountain herbs and Mediterranean trees grow here. Plants from all over the world are complemented by statues, sculptural compositions, fountains and resting places. The park also contains a picturesque lake, indoor greenhouses, artificial waterfalls and a cafe for visitors.
Admission is free, as is access to all garden areas and the Subtropical House. Tickets only need to be purchased for some greenhouses. The Botanical Garden is open from 8 a.m. to sunset (but no later than 9 p.m.). The subtropical house welcomes guests from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. (winter) or 6 p.m. (summer).
Colonius Tower
The television and radio broadcasting tower reaches a height of 266 meters (by spire) and is considered the tallest building in the city and the seventh tallest structure in Germany. Its construction took place in 1978-1981, and the architect was Erwin Heinle. The tower received an unusual name for German speech in honor of its city, pronounced in the Roman manner “Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium”.
The Colonius Tower is located on nnere Kanalstraße, the route of which follows the curves of the former city wall.
Until 1994, the observation deck and restaurant of the TV tower were available for tourist visits, but after an accident during the New Year's celebration, the city authorities decided to prohibit entry for unauthorized persons. Now you can only admire the TV tower from a distance, but what you see is worth it.
Roman tower
The round Roman tower with a jagged edge was built back in the 2nd-3rd centuries, during the period of Cologne's colonial past, when it was considered a remote fiefdom of influential Rome. The walls of the tower are made of sandstone, limestone and trachyte and decorated with authentic mosaic masonry.
After independence, the city was surrounded by a fortification wall, and the defensive Roman tower was turned into the Catholic monastery of St. Clare, and then into a residential building. The Roman tower acquired the status of a historical monument at the end of the 19th century. Large-scale restoration in 1898-1899 gave the building neo-Gothic features and a recognizable jagged profile.
A tidbit for travelers: this is due to the presence of outstanding architecture, medieval streets, entertainment and cultural facilities. In addition, it will be interesting not only for adults (they will be offered to go on a gastronomic or beer tour), but also for children (they should be pampered with a visit to the zoo and the Chocolate Museum).
Cologne Cathedral
The cathedral is the main symbol, famous for its 2 157-meter towers, which have observation platforms (spiral staircases with more than 500 steps lead to them) - from there you can admire Cologne and the roof of the cathedral. It is worth noting that during a tour of the main hall, guests will be able to see the decoration in the form of carved columns, stucco moldings, elegant sculptures, and paintings on religious themes (the cathedral stores unique valuables and church relics).
Useful information: address: Domkloster 4, website: www.koelner-dom.de
Cologne City Hall
In the lobby of the building it is worth viewing a copy of the “Altar of the City Patrons” by the artist Lochner. Of greatest interest is the 61-meter tower (consists of 5 floors, the cornices of each of which are decorated with sculptures of various historical figures in the form of emperors, kings and famous residents of Cologne from the 8th to the 20th centuries) with a carillon of 45 bells (guests will be able to listen to one of 24 melodies, and at noon - the composition “12 Signs of the Zodiac” by composer Stockhausen). Important: it is advisable to approach the Town Hall on Wednesday no earlier than 15:00 to take part in a free tour throughout the building and climb the tower.
Address: Rathausplatz 2 (bus no. 132); website: www.stadt-koeln.de
St Martin's Church
The church, standing on the banks of the Rhine, attracts the attention of tourists with its Gothic appearance and 4 70-meter towers. Inside, you can admire the vaulted windows (their decoration is multi-colored stained glass with images of saints) and the room, whose decoration is made in the Byzantine style, and attend an organ concert. Important: visiting the church is free, but those wishing to go on a tour of the building will have to coordinate this with officials.
Address: Martinstrasse, 9 (buses no. 132 and 133).
Hohenzollern Bridge
On both sides of the roadways of this railway bridge (it spans the Rhine) there are observation platforms - from here travelers prefer to admire the river and the old Cologne quarters. In addition, the bridge is popular among couples in love - they leave padlocks here, symbolizing the strength of their feelings. Of no less interest is the decoration of the Hohenzollern Bridge in the form of sculptures of Frederick III, Wilhelm I and other German rulers.
Address: Hohenzollern Bruekke, 50679 Koln.
The devil designed the cathedral
The idea of the Cologne Cathedral was so grandiose that its first architect, Gerhard von Riehle, was at a dead end: how to implement it, how to bring such a great creation to life. And then, no, not the Lord God, but, on the contrary, the human enemy came to the rescue. There is a widespread legend that the devil demanded the soul of the architect in exchange for the drawings. But his wife helped out her beloved husband: she got up early in the morning and crowed instead of a rooster. The devil turned out to be such a simpleton that he did not recognize the deception; according to the agreement, he appeared and gave her the drawings. Now Gerhard could get down to business, and he began to work according to the devil’s drawings, but the soul of his wife was destroyed forever. However, Satan did not calm down even here, he promised: as soon as the construction of the cathedral is completed, the world will perish.
Long-term construction for 600 years
Either so that the devil's prophecy would not be fulfilled, or for objective reasons, the construction dragged on for more than 600 years, or rather 632 years and 2 months. Only on October 15, 1880, the grand opening of the temple took place. However, to this day scaffolding can be seen on the spiers and walls of the cathedral. Restoration work is ongoing. So the end of the world does not threaten us yet. But seriously, it cannot be otherwise. Cologne Cathedral was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List back in 1996. In 2004 it was included in the list of "World Heritage in Danger", and although it was removed from the list in 2006, it is constantly in need of repairing minor damage. Rain, environmental pollution, and Cologne is located in the most industrialized part of Germany - all cause inevitable damage to the cathedral.
War: from the stables to the Allied bombs
Cologne Cathedral took so long to build that it survived more than one war. And the enemy troops treated the spiritual and national shrine of Germany without due respect. So, in 1794, Napoleonic cavalry placed hay warehouses for the cavalry in it. And during the Second World War, the cathedral suffered 14 air strikes during the bombing of the city by Allied troops. However, this damage was insignificant; we can say that the British and Americans spared the temple, but not out of love for art: simply the tallest building in the city was an excellent landmark for aviation. The consequences of these bombings began to be eliminated already in 1945, and reconstruction was completed in 1956.
Annual donations
A total of more than 1 billion euros in modern money were spent on the construction of Cologne Cathedral. 10 million euros are spent annually on maintaining and adding to the cathedral. It is interesting that to this day there is a society to support the construction of the cathedral, created in Germany in 1842. It has more than 1000 members and annually collects most of the required amount. The fact that this money is spent for its intended purpose is evidenced by the fact that in 2007 the stained glass windows on the south windows, destroyed during the Second World War, were restored in the cathedral. They used 11,500 pieces of colored glass of the same size.
The largest facade in the world
Until the end of the 19th century, Cologne Cathedral remained the tallest in the world (157 m), until the cathedral in Ulm (161 m) was completed. However, it is still the largest Gothic cathedral in Germany. Its length is 144 m, width - 86 m. Also, Cologne Cathedral remains the temple with the largest facade in the world (the width of the western facade is 61 m). During post-war reconstruction, a spiral staircase was built. There are 509 steps leading to the observation deck, and it is located at an altitude of 98 meters. The view from there is truly stunning: the whole city is at your fingertips.
The largest working bell in the world
There are 11 bells in Cologne Cathedral. Eight in the south tower, Three in the central one (at the ridge of the roof). The largest bell of the cathedral and the largest “functioning” bell in the world is “Peter” (). It weighs 24 tons and was cast relatively recently - in 1923. It is followed by "Pretiosa" ("Exquisite"). This ancient bell, weighing 11 tons, sounds with amazing purity of tone, which is why it got its name. Cast in 1448, at that time the Pretiosa was the largest bell in Europe. Only twelve men were strong enough to rock this multi-ton colossus. Nowadays the bells are powered by electricity. The third and fourth largest bells are called "Speziosa" and "Bell of the Three Kings".
An example of flaming gothic
Cologne Cathedral is the clearest example of the Flaming Gothic style. It is a late Gothic style that becomes popular in Europe in the late 15th century. It is characterized by excessive decoration and a tendency towards elongated proportions. The name itself, in fact, comes from ornaments similar to flames. This is where, given such colossal dimensions, the feeling of lightness and openwork of the temple comes from. All its lines are directed upward, towards God, and the spiers seem to pierce the heavens.
Shrines of the temple: the relics of the three wise men, the Milanese Madonna, the cross of Gero
Any temple is built in the name of certain saints. So the Cologne Cathedral has an official name - the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Mary. However, he was glorified throughout the Christian world thanks to the relics of the three wise men.
The story of the discovery of this shrine is as follows. During the Second Italian Campaign, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa captured the relics of the three wise men Caspar, Melchior and Balthasar in one of the Milan monasteries. In the year Archbishop Rainald of Dassel brought them to Cologne. Any temple is built in the name of certain saints. So Cologne Cathedral has an official name - the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Mary. However, he was glorified throughout the Christian world thanks to the relics of the three wise men.
It took 10 years to make the precious Cancer of the Three Kings - a sarcophagus made of silver and gold. She used more than a thousand pearls and precious stones alone. Gospel scenes are depicted on the walls of the shrine. And, of course, the central one is the adoration of the Magi to the newborn Christ and Mary. When construction began on the new cathedral, this jewel was moved into it. To this day, it remains safe and sound behind the altar of Cologne Cathedral, and pilgrims from all over the world flock here to venerate the shrine.
Together with the relics of the three wise men, the Archbishop of Dassel brought a wooden image of the Madonna from Milan. This sculpture was considered miraculous, but in the 13th century it burned down during a fire in the cathedral. About a year later, a new image was created, which received the name “Milan Madonna” and all the glory of the lost image. It is this, and not the original sculpture, that can be seen today in the cathedral.
And the third most ancient Christian shrine is the crucifixion of Gero. It was named after Archbishop Gero (969-976), who donated the relic to the cathedral. This is one of the first European crucifixes, striking in its size (2 meters) and realistic depiction of the torment of Christ. At first the crucifix hung in the old church, and later it was moved to the new cathedral, where it remains to this day.
The Legend of Saint Ursula
There are so many valuables in the cathedral that it is impossible to talk about each of them. One of the most interesting sculptures depicts Saint Ursula. A poetic legend of the Middle Ages is associated with it. According to legend, Ursula was the pious daughter of the British king. The girl converted to the Christian faith early, and in order to avoid marriage with a pagan, she equipped an entire expedition. 11 ships, on which were Ursula herself and ten pious maidens, accompanied by another ten thousand virgins, set off towards Gaul. Having landed on the shore, hordes of girls left the ships and went on foot to Rome to the Pope, and from there to Cologne. Near Cologne, all these numerous girls suffered martyrdom at the hands of the Huns. Ursula was later glorified as a Saint, and in the 16th century the monastic order of the Ursulines was created.
The Legend of Saint Christopher
Another sculpture immediately attracts attention - St. Christopher, carrying Christ in the form of a boy on his shoulders. This is a very popular saint in the Catholic Church, and an interesting legend is associated with him. He was a Roman named Reprebus. He was enormously tall and had a simple-minded character. And so Reprev accepts Christianity, but cannot figure out how best to serve Christ. And only the holy hermit was able to persuade the giant. He led him to the river and ordered him to carry travelers on his back. He did just that. And then one day he happened to carry a little boy, but the further the giant stepped into the water, the heavier his burden became, and in the middle of the river the weight became unbearable. And then the boy admitted that he was Christ and carried with him all the burdens of the world. Jesus baptized the giant in the river, and he received the name Christopher - Christ-bearer.
Truly, Cologne Cathedral is an architectural pearl, a Christian shrine and a historical museum - three in one. Over 6 million tourists visit it every year. Indeed, it is worth looking at this beauty with your own eyes at least once in your life.
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Cologne Cathedral is a building of superlatives, a brilliant architectural achievement of mankind, one of the most perfect examples of the Gothic architectural style and a UNESCO world cultural heritage.
Sights of Cologne. Cologne Cathedral - symbol of Cologne
The huge Cologne Cathedral is not only an impressive and unique symbol of Cologne, but also the most visited attraction in Germany. Cologne Cathedral, a mighty rock, a stone miracle, a triumph of building skill. Its walls tell stories. There is nothing random here: no stone, no ornament, no column, no arch. Each element of the majestic building, interior spaces and symmetry of the foundation has its own place, its own meaning and deep symbolism.
The grandiose dimensions of Cologne Cathedral are emphasized by two gigantic towers, which since the completion of the temple (1880) have defined the panoramic view of the whole of Cologne. More than 750 years after its founding, Cologne Cathedral still keeps its secrets: Where did the building material come from? Why did the architect Gerhard von Riehle die so tragically? What is the significance of sculptures, gutter decorations and grimacing chimeras?
Sights of Cologne Cathedral
Chest of 3 warriors.
Milan Madonna.
Gero's Cross.
Altar of the patrons of the city.
Treasury of Cologne Cathedral.
Stained glass windows of Cologne Cathedral.
Cologne Cathedral - one of the most magnificent buildings in the Christian world
As part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Cologne Cathedral is one of the most impressive buildings in Christendom and a favorite tourist destination in Germany. Every year, Cologne Cathedral is visited by over 6 million tourists and pilgrims from all over the world. The cathedral in Cologne owes its fame not so much to its size as to the so-called. high-gothic architectural style.
Church of the First Christians
Where Cologne Cathedral is located today, Christians gathered already in late Roman times. The first churches, built on the site of the future cathedral near the city wall, fell victim to fires or gave way to new sacred buildings. In 870, on the site of the future Cologne temple, a Carolingian cathedral (Old Cathedral) was built, the building of which remained almost unchanged until the 13th century. In 1164, the Cologne Archbishop Rainald von Dassel, having received the relics of the holy 3 kings (magi) as a military trophy during the suppression of the Milan uprising, immediately transported them to Cologne. The Cologne clergy, realizing the significance of the relics, ordered the production of a luxurious chest from the best goldsmiths in Europe, in which the priceless relics were to be stored.
The Chest of the 3 Magi, in which the relics are kept, is one of the most significant works of jewelry art of the Middle Ages, made from 1180 to 1230. under the direction of the goldsmith Nikolaus von Ferdun, called the master of Verdun. For 50 years, the best jewelers in Europe created the largest and most significant sarcophagus in the West. On the front lid of the chest there is an image of Mary seated with the child Christ, and on the left are the kneeling Magi. The remains of the fabrics in which the relics were wrapped in the past turned out to be antique silk materials from the East, proving the biblical age of the relics. The Cologne Cathedral itself, which at that time was a three-span basilica, served as a model for making the chest (220 cm long, 110 cm wide and 153 cm high). Numerous figures depicting prophets and apostles adorn the precious item. The figurine of Christ appears 3 times: on the front door of the chest - in the scene of the worship of the 3 Magi, the scene of the baptism in the Jordan and the image of the World Judge.
The high rank that Cologne acquired with the receipt of the relics of the 3 Magi strengthened the power of the Archbishop of Cologne. Now Cologne Cathedral has become not only the residence of the archbishop, but also one of the most significant pilgrimage churches in Europe. The construction of the new cathedral was to be reflected in the architecture of the church. The emerging pan-European competition for the highest church tower, symbolizing closeness to God, increased the zeal of the builders. The new Cologne Cathedral was to become the largest temple in the world.
New cathedral based on the French model
After the old cathedral in Cologne completely burned down in 1248, construction of a new Gothic temple began on the vacant site. The cathedral of French Amiens served as a model. At the beginning of the 14th century, the construction of Cologne Cathedral made great progress. The Chest of the Saints of the 3 Magi and the Gero Cross, a famous image of Christ, were moved to the new cathedral. But, nevertheless, a shortage of financial resources and a dwindling interest in the Gothic architectural style led to the suspension of the construction of Cologne Cathedral. Only in the 19th century did interest in the Gothic again arise.
Second construction
On September 4, 1842, the Prussian king Frederick William IV contributed 50,000 thalers to complete the construction of Cologne Cathedral. However, the allocated funds were not enough. Introduced so-called The “Cathedral Tax” also could not cover the costs incurred. On September 3, 1841, approximately 200 Cologne citizens asked the king for permission to form an association to speed up the construction of Cologne Cathedral. At the same time, numerous organizations and unions were formed in Germany and abroad to support the project. The Cologne Cathedral was built by the whole world.
However, the initial euphoria of donations soon waned. To attract additional funds, a lottery was invented in Cologne. The name of the draw - "Prämien-Collecte" - was reminiscent of the nature of the game of chance. The success was stunning: the net income of the first edition amounted to 177,000 thalers, which at the current exchange rate corresponds to 1 billion euros. Finally, in 1880, after 632 long years since construction began, the construction of Cologne Cathedral was completed.
Cologne Cathedral today
During World War II, Cologne Cathedral was hit by 14 air bombs. It took decades to eliminate the consequences of the war. But even today, Cologne Cathedral is an eternal construction site. Environmental pollution and vibrations (the city's main train station is located next to the Cologne Cathedral) lead to constant destruction of the carved structures of the temple. Cologne Cathedral is restored all year round. Since 1996, this Gothic masterpiece has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Nowadays Cologne Cathedral, with a height of 157 m, is the second tallest church in Germany (after Ulm Cathedral) and the third in the world. In addition, Cologne Cathedral is the most favorite attraction in Germany (over 6 million people from all over the world), not inferior in popularity to the Eiffel Tower. The enormous size of the facade of Cologne Cathedral (7,000 sq.m.), including two mighty towers, has not been surpassed to this day. Cologne Cathedral has significant artistic works of art: colored windows that fill the cathedral premises with a mysterious radiance, Gero's cross (970), a golden chest with relics of the three wise men, and the altar of the patrons of the city (1450) by Stefan Lochner and his students. Anyone who wants to climb the tower of Cologne Cathedral must climb at least 509 steps up to the viewing platform located at an altitude of 95 m. From the platform a magnificent panorama of the Rhine, Cologne and its environs opens.
Cologne Cathedral in numbers:
Height: 157.38 m.
Length: 144.58 m.
Width: 86.25 m.
Internal height of the middle naves: 43.35 m.
Internal height of side longitudinal naves: 19.80 m.
Area of the western façade: 7,000 sq. M.
Stained glass area: 10,000 sq. m.
Stone mass consumed for construction: 300,000 tons.
Steps up to the tower spire: 509 m.
Number of bells: 11.
Peter's Bell (alarm) - 24 t.
Seats in the cathedral: 4,000.
Cologne Cathedral. Master Gerhard's Wager
In the history of such a large and old temple as Cologne Cathedral, many legends, mysteries and extraordinary stories have naturally been preserved. How did people manage to build such a huge church - without cars at all? At that time, many believed that the first architect of the Kell Cathedral, Master Gerhard, wanting to quickly build the cathedral, started an argument with Satan. But how did it all end?
To build the Cologne Cathedral - to the highest honor of God, in complete form and beauty - is a task worthy of human life. Gerhard von Riehle, the first architect of the Cologne temple, dreamed of building the Cologne Cathedral. In 1248, the master laid the first stone in the foundation of the great church and began to work feverishly. But time flies unnoticed. The architect understands that he will not have time. Another architect who will build the cathedral according to Gerhard's plans will reap all the glory.
But Gerhard wants to build a temple during his life. However, it takes ten lives to build a church of this importance and size. And then the architect proposes an argument to Lucifer. If the evil one manages to build an underground water pipeline from Trier to Cologne within one year, then Master Gerhard gives him his soul. If it’s the other way around, then Gerhard wins 10 life and thus gets enough time to build the cathedral. The architect concludes an argument and Lucifer rejoices: “Gerhard, you fool, do you really think that you are more cunning than me?!” There has never been a person under the moon who could outwit me!
Who will win the bet? Meanwhile, Satan really fails to construct the water pipeline. He decides to cunningly approach the architect's wife, Anna.
Will Gerhard win or lose the argument? You will learn about this, dear readers, during a tour of Cologne.
Milan relics of Cologne Cathedral
Archbishop of Cologne Rainald von Dassel, chancellor and military commander of Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, in 1162, after a year-long siege, threw the rebel Milan at the feet of the emperor. In gratitude, the archbishop receives from Barbarossa a military trophy - relics of the holy 3 Magi - kings, preserved in the church of Giorgio al Palazzo.
On June 12, 1164, the proud Rainald informed the people of Cologne: “The Holy Church and the city of Cologne have been enriched for eternity with an incomparable treasure, more valuable than all gold and precious stones.” From now on, the history of Cologne is closely connected with famous Christian relics. The remains of the legendary Three Magi guarantee Cologne the economic and spiritual status of a European metropolis to this day. The Saints of the 3 Magi were considered not only imperial saints. They were also considered patrons and patron saints of Cologne, acting in defense against floods, mortal danger, headaches, plague and fires, epilepsy, blows of fate and protecting the inhabitants of Cologne, livestock and houses from all evil.
In 1167, Philipp von Hochstaden, the heir of Rainald von Dassel, who died during the second campaign, orders from the famous jeweler Nikolaus von Ferdun the largest, most significant and valuable product of the Middle Ages - the chest of the holy 3 wise men. Work on the manufacture of the chest continued from 1190 to 1230.
The artistic chest is made in gold and silver and decorated with fiery gilded figures of Christian prophets, apocalyptic motifs, filigree panels, selected precious stones and pearls. The front panel of the reliquary, made of the purest gold, depicts a scene of the adoration of the Magi, and the reverse side is decorated with the image of Reynald von Dassel - as a sign of eternal memory of the archbishop who delivered valuable relics to Cologne.
Within a few decades, the old Cologne Cathedral could no longer accommodate the arriving army of pilgrims. In 1248, construction began on a Gothic temple worthy of storing world-famous relics. However, the residents of Cologne were able to celebrate the completion of the construction of Cologne Cathedral only 632 years later.
Excursions in Cologne
Classic tour of CologneA classic walking tour of Cologne is the ideal way to explore the city.
Classic tour of Cologne + boat ride on the Rhine
First, a classic walking tour of Cologne is conducted, during which a guide in Cologne introduces the sights of the historical part of the city. The tour of Cologne ends in the port, from where a 1-2 hour boat ride on the Rhine begins (April-October).
Legends of Cologne
The city of Cologne is almost 2000 years old. During this time, many legends, stories, tales, and romantic stories arose in the city.
One day in Cologne
Would you like to spend an interesting and varied day in Cologne with your family, friends or colleagues and are looking for program ideas for this? We have developed several offers for you.
Beer tour of Cologne: Kölsch - the gold of Cologne beer gardens
The Cologne beer tour is one of the favorite excursions in Cologne. This is a tour of Cologne: fun, refreshing, fun and interesting at the same time.
Evening Cologne
Cologne offers its guests much more than the Cologne Cathedral and many museums. The range of nightlife in Cologne is considered the best in Germany: first-class bars, music cafes, discos or the largest erotic club in Europe.
Cologne water (Eau de Cologne cologne).
On a tour of Cologne: "Cologne water (cologne)" Eau de Cologne we tell the story of two Cologne perfumes and visit the buildings: "Farina House" and "House 4711".
Booking excursions/transfers
Travel agency: "EuropaTour"
Business support, business and corporate tourism, transfer.
Organization and planning of trips to Germany.
